ALLERGY TO LATEX

Allergy to latex rubber is a growing disease worldwide and the increased incidence is related to the use of natural latex in the production of objects of common use. 

The latex is a milky liquid that comes dall'incisione plant cultivated tropical Hevea brasiliensis in Brazil and Asia and is due to different types of diseases. This rubber was imported in the Old Continent in the fifteenth century and has become an industrial product in 1839 when Goodyear accidentally discovered a process which was used to stabilize the elastic properties of rubber (vulcanization) and in 1890 created the first pair of rubber gloves to use surgery. 

Quest 'allergy symptoms can occur with skin such as irritant contact dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis. some people have conjunctivitis, rhinitis, asthma, breathing difficulties and hives within an hour of contact with the latex, while others have itchy dermatitis, vesicles or desquamation within 24-72 hours after contact with rubber. The most common manifestation of allergy to the gloves is the contact urticaria with itching, followed by contact dermatitis, but there are also cases of asthma and anaphylactic shock. 10% of all intraoperative anaphylactic reactions is in fact due to latex, especially if the rubber is in contact with mucous abraded. 

PERSONS AT RISK OF REACTIONS TO LATEX ALLERGY 

Recently has been increasingly growing interest in the prevalence of latex due to the increased exposure to the rubber resulting in increased awareness of particular health personnel (doctors, paramedics, dentists), attached to the manufacturing of rubber products; children with spina bifida and with abnormalities of the urogenital tract, patients with a history of allergies, particularly bronchial asthma or who have undergone repeated surgery, or with documented food allergy to fruits, especially kiwi and banana. 

There are also many professional groups at risk: health care workers, rubber workers, housewives, gardeners, they can raise awareness as well as with the use of gloves including plants of Ficus benjamina with which they contact, because they contain allergens cross-reactive with latex. In light of this, have defined guidelines for preventing the prevalence of latex. 

PRODUCTS THAT MAY CONTAIN LATEX 

Medical and surgical 

Gloves, plasters, eye drops per dropper, syringe, tourniquet, the sphygmomanometer cuff, catheter Anesthetic masks, dental implants, agocannule 

Sports 

Fins, wetsuit, mask, sailing accessories, balls, balls 

Household 

Gloves, shower curtains, bags for hot water, insulation adhesives, mattresses, pillows 

Birth control devices 

Condoms and the diaphragm 

Items for children 

Soothers, teats of feeding bottles, rubber bands, shoes 

other 

Rubber to erase, stamps, tires, water-resistant 

CLINICAL SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS prevalence of latex 

First you must distinguish between immediate and delayed reactions: some people with conjunctivitis, rhinitis, asthma, breathing difficulties and hives within an hour of contact with the latex, while others have itchy dermatitis, vesicles or desquamation within 24-72 hours after contact with rubber. The most common manifestation of allergy to the gloves is the contact urticaria with itching, followed by contact dermatitis, but there are also cases of asthma and anaphylactic shock. 10% of all anaphylactic reactions intraoeratorie is in fact due to latex, especially if the rubber is in contact with mucous abraded. 

HOW IS THE DIAGNOSIS ALLERGY TO LATEX? 

For the diagnosis of allergy to latex are important a meticulous collection of patient history and clinical examination by a medical specialist. The allergologi require at this point a series of surveys designed to demonstrate the allergy and this is particularly important if your allergic to latex and related occupational exposure: a blood test (RAST), a skin prick test (Prick and PATCH) and a test of provocation in a hospital. 

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